Special Education in Ghana: Current Challenges and Opportunities
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disabilities in Ghana, inclusive education,, challenges, opportunities, special education.
Abstract
This study explores the challenges and opportunities in implementing inclusive education for persons with disabilities (PWDs) in Ghana. A systematic review approach was employed, analyzing a range of peer-reviewed articles, policy documents, and reports published between 2019 and 2025. Crossref, EBSCO, PubMed, Cochrane, and ProQuest were among the databases searched to obtain data on challenges and opportunities. Thirteen mixed studies (qualitative and quantitative), 10 qualitative studies, and 2 policy documents were eventually found to meet the inclusion criteria. The study identifies significant barriers such as inadequate infrastructure, insufficient teacher training, and weak enforcement of the Persons with Disabilities Act (Act 715), which hinder access to quality education. Socio-cultural stigma and negative societal attitudes further marginalize PWDs, especially in rural areas. However, the study also highlights opportunities like policy support for inclusive education, the integration of assistive technologies, and community-based initiatives. The study recommends increased funding, stronger policy enforcement, expanded teacher training, and greater community-driven advocacy to improve educational and employment outcomes for PWDs.
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